AI Role in Identifying Archaeological Sites and Uncovering Artifacts

Abstract: The world has witnessed a major revolution in artificial intelligence (AI) and scientific research in recent years. This impact has been evident in most areas of life, where AI applications have become essential and indispensable in various fields, such as medicine, engineering, space sciences, and others. The use of AI technologies in archaeological discovery and excavation has also had its unique mark and character, enabling scientists and researchers to analyze large amounts of data and extract important information. It also played a crucial role in identifying archaeological sites and uncovering artifacts. AI programs trained in recognition and prediction are used to identify archaeological sites locations and artifacts types found there through processing large amounts of data quickly and detecting patterns and links that may be difficult for humans to identify and see. Therefore, AI is particularly useful in analyzing aerial imagery and remote sensing to identify distinctive elements and clues necessary for recognizing potential archaeological sites, especially in areas difficult to access or experiencing conflict. AI can also analyze historical and geographical data to accurately estimate underwater or invisible sites. Additionally, it can help protect archaeological sites by predicting the impact of environmental changes and taking preventive measures. However, AI cannot be a substitute for the human factor, in this case, archaeologists. AI’s role is to enhance archaeologists’ capabilities and not replace them. AI technology is a powerful tool for scientists, but it cannot in any way replace scientists’ knowledge, experience, and human vision they provide.